Hello guys, its Day Two of the"Facts on cervical Cancer"series. We take a look at prevention of Cervical Cancer, HPV Transmission and more....Lets read, understand and explore the issues!!

FACTS ON CERVICAL CANCER

WHAT HAS TO BE DONE TO PREVENT CERVICAL CANCER?

Education

  Primary Prevention

  Preventing HPV(Human Papilloma Virus) transmission

•    Most importantly to modify sexual behavior – cervical cancer is sexually transmitted!
•  To strive to get cheap vaccines against HPV for girls and young women.

•       Secondary Prevention

• Cervical cancer is preventable with screening, detection and treatment of early ‘disease’ that could progress to cancer.
•  Empowerment of women.
•  Reduction of poverty 
•   Infrastructural development – to reach the vulnerable women in the remote villages.
•  Training, training, training! 

 PREVENTING HPV TRANSMISSION

HOW IS HPV TRANSMITTED?

1.     Sexual Contact.
2.     Non sexual contact.

HPV TRANSMISSION

SEXUAL CONTACT

•  Through sexual intercourse.
•  Genital-genital, manual-genital, oral-genital.
•  Genital HPV infections in virgins may result from non penetrative sexual contact.
• Condom use may help reduce risk but does not fully protect.

HPV TRANSMISSION 

NON SEXUAL CONTACT

•     Mother to newborn (vertical transmission – rare)
•       Fomites (eg undergarments, surgical gloves, instruments…)

   HPV TRANSMISSION

                   Bulb syringe (‘Bentoa’) – for enemas

BULB SYRINGE FOR ENEMAS

BULB SYRINGE (BENTOA) FOR ENEMAS  

    To be continued....

     

    Credit: Dr. Kofi Effah
Catholic Hospital, Battor.

      Medical Knowledge  Fiesta, 2012.

      Presented on Wednesday, August 8, 2012 at the Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons in Accra.

                                                                                       

Hello guys, lets get informed and fight in this battle; the battle against cervical cancer.  This is the first of the " Facts on cervical cancer" series running this week. Please beware of some “disturbing” images. Enjoy and learn. Stay Healthy!!!

FACTS ON CERVICAL CANCER 

WHAT IS THE CERVIX?

The cervix is the neck of the womb, consisting of a narrow passage, leading to the vagina. The cervix widens greatly during childbirth to permit delivery of the baby.

                                  ANATOMY OF THE UTERUS AND THE CERVIX

      CANCER?

•      Abnormal (uncontrolled) proliferation or growth of cells
•        Tumor (lump)
•        Infiltration and invasion of surrounding tissues
•        There may be spread to distant parts (of the body)        
• 
  

•                                                                                                                                    NORMAL CERVIX  

                                                             CERVICAL CANCER

 CERVICAL CANCER

MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM OF CERVICAL CANCER

GLOBAL ESTIMATES

•      493,000 new cases each year, 83% in developing countries

•      274,000 women die of the disease annually, about 85% in developing countries

•      Every 2 minutes at least one woman dies from cervical cancer

•      Leading cause of death in gynecological cancers in Ghana

WHAT CAUSES CERVICAL CANCER?

•      99.7% of cervical cancer is caused by persistent infection with High Risk HPV.

•      Cervical cancer is rare without (High Risk) HPV infection.

•      A little over 70% of cervical cancers are caused by HPV 16 and 18.

WHO IS AT RISK OF CERVICAL CANCER?

•      Early age of first intercourse
•      Multiple sexual partners
•      Increased parity
•      A male partner with multiple previous sexual partners
•      Immunosuppression (eg. in HIV)
•      Exposure to Nicotine (smoking)
•      Genital infections (trichomoniasis,chlamydia etc.)

To be continued...

Credit: Dr. Kofi Effah
Catholic Hospital, Battor.

Medical Knowledge  Fiesta, 2012.

Presented on Wednesday, August 8, 2012 at the Ghana College of Physicians and Surgeons in Accra.